It is rare that terms have a perfect, unambiguous meaning. It is often useful to just check what definition they want to use, or state one oneself to make the discussion clear. It also explains how to distinguish ionic and molecular. When people use terms, the meaning often depends on what they talk about. This chemistry video tutorial explains the difference between elements, atoms, molecules, and ions. (Where that puts black holes and dark matter can be debated.) So they would define matter as "everything composed of elementary fermions". Particle physicists would say that what gives matter its tendency to take up space is that it consists of fermions, those elementary particles that have half-integer spin: the details are irrelevant, but stuff with fermions (like electrons, protons and quarks) cannot be pushed together arbitrarily like light and non-fermions can. But black holes have mass and volume, and free electrons have mass but may not have any volume (being, perhaps, properly point-like particles). A common definition is "anything that has mass and volume", and most matter we meet is atoms. Its task is to help users search for content across the site. A search bar, for example, represents a single molecule built from one text field and one button. Molecules are groups of atoms working together to complete a single task. But the key thing is (1) it is localized and "small", (2) it does not have, or we do not care about, parts.Ītoms consist of electrons, protons and neutrons bound together by the electromagnetic and strong nuclear force. Example 1: A search icon represents a single atom within a much larger pattern library. ![]() Depending on what you are discussing, it makes sense to regard elementary particles (those we do not know have parts, like electrons and quarks), composite particles (they have parts, like protons) or even atoms or dust (or in astronomy, even planets and stars) as particles. Particles are point-like pieces of matter.
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